Review of Improving Education System in Pakistan (Mandi Bahau Din) by Using E-Learning

Summary

The research is about the improvement of education via E-learning in Pakistan (mandi bahau din). The author has tried to do the research using a questionnaire from ministry education officers and teachers to see how far they are aware of the e-learning system and what the author can offer to improve this method in that area. The other part of the research also has been done by searching through articles to collect information regarding e-learning, so the author can give the best suggestion about regarding the collected data.

Introduction
The topic of research paper which is under review is well chosen by the author. An underdeveloped district, Mandi Bahau Din, of Punjab, Pakistan has been considered to study different modes and means of E-Learning system applicable to already implemented education system.

Author of the research right from the onset/beginning has been prejudiced, while considering the existing education system is not satisfactory or even poor. Any proof regard this has not been provided and no relevant data has been produced. Education difference in private and public sector has been negatively been portrayed. High standard of public school can produce a competition in private sector to improve their standard.

Selection of the Mandi Bahau Din district for research is a good option as author has direct access to data regarding present education system, and most of the data are already available online. He has access to different school teachers, students and staff officers.

Data
The purpose of research has not been stated clearly. The research is to improve education system of Mandi Bahau Din by using E-Learning system as the title suggests, but purpose sets to study detailed education situation of the area and then see the feasibility of E-Learning System.

A reasonably good research methodology has been adopted to collect all the data for research. A primary data has been taken directly from the users through email in the form of questionnaire, while secondary data has been taken from internet. But only high school teachers have been incorporated while taking data. Though primary school teachers don’t have access to internet, they could still be in contact through phone as it was easy option available. The only thing which is missing in methodology part which the author didn’t mention directly which method he has used either qualitative, quantitative or both, although it is obvious, but it could be better to mention the name of the method.

A very horrifying image of current education system in Mandi Bahau din has been portrayed by having less than thousand schools for boys and girls in which there is no communication between students and teachers, and a teacher has to teach many students. No statistical data for the number of students and teachers has been provided, to define the present situation in schools. Entirely neglecting communication between students and teachers of different schools is a prejudiced and exaggerated statement which needs rectification or otherwise strong evidence to prove.

The scope of research has been greatly reduced by author itself. To answer the question "How" is very important and probably the first question which can be asked in any research. But in this research it has been kept aside. Data have been collected only from 15 teachers and 20 students. These numbers are very few by comparing it to the number of schools (934) in that area. The level of data collection is very low; in spite a good method of data collection has been implemented.
E-Learning (online education and distance learning) have been mixed up and confused in this paragraph. No clear cut difference has been illustrated here. To define E-Learning it has been stated that E-Learning is a concept which comes with the implementation of Information, Communication and Technologies (ICT), in the area of local learning as well as distance learning. But in the first sentence this definition has been opposed by saying that E-Learning can involve a greater variety of equipment than online education. The contrast "Distance education has already been popular in Pakistan at university level. But no work has been done at schools levels" is very well sited at this moment, but the only area of emphasis in the entire research is communication gap. Communication gap can not be the only area which defines implementation of E-Learning in an area.

In the E-Learning concept of modern technology is involved, but teachers and instructors from rural areas have no or little knowledge of these technology. They have been very well recommended to be updated with modern technologies. But not only teachers, students also have the same problem.

Conclusion and discussion

The author has mentioned about both discussion and conclusion parts. The author has separate titles for conclusion and discussion, the author has used finding and discussion but he has also used a subtitle with the same title for finding and discussion.

In Finding and discussion part the author has tried to explain the questionnaire, means the selected people to answer, probably may be in confusion when answering the questions even though it is mentioned that the questions are tried to be very simple but it may also lose the goal.

There are examples brought for e-learning universities in Pakistan, and the collected data shows that how far the e-learning is improved in Pakistan, and it is discussed that what are available and how can it be useful in MandiBahaudin area to improve the e-learning at that area and meanwhile he has mentioned that what are the difficulties for using such technology. He has also mentioned about the e-learning examples twice, first in discussion part and then in conclusion, also he could use the data earlier before discussion part, and it could be better if he would write the discussion separately than finding.  

No title has been mentioned regarding presentation.

Other

There are a lot of grammatical mistakes that sometimes it is difficult to figure out what the author want to say, and he also repeat some data in different parts.

The questionnaires could be divided into two parts since there are two target groups.

The good about this research was that the reader become familiar about the e-learning situation in that specific region, how far they are improved, and how can others make it useful.